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Learning Introductory Physics with Activities
Paul J. Emigh, Rebecka Tumblin, Kathryn Hadley, Danielle Skinner
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Front Matter
1
Vectors
1.1
Introduction to Vectors
1.1
Activities
1.1
References
1.2
Vector Operations
1.2
Vector Addition
1.2
Vector Subtraction
1.2
Multiplication of a Vector by a Scalar
1.2
Practice Activities
1.2
References
1.3
Unit Vectors
1.3
Practice Activities
1.3
References
1.4
Vector Algebra
1.4
Practice Activities
1.5
Position Vectors
1.5
Activities
1.5
References
1.6
Displacement Vectors
1.6
Activities
1.7
Physics Sensemaking
1.7
Practice Activity
1.8
Sensemaking: Units and Numbers
1.8
Units Activities
1.8
Numbers Activities
1.9
Representations of Vectors
1.9
Practice Activities
1.10
Trigonometric Relations
1.10
Practice Activities
1.10
References
1.11
Practice - Vectors
Generic Vectors
Position and Displacement Vectors
References
1.12
Magnitude and Direction
1.12
Activities
1.13
Challenge - Vectors
Challenge Activity Philosophy
Explanation Task Instructions
Explanation Tasks
Calculation Activities
Metacognitive Reflection
2
Motion
2.1
Motion and Physics
2.1
Introductory Activities
2.1
Explanation Activity
2.2
The Particle Model
2.2
Activities: Applying the Particle Model
2.3
Velocity
2.3
Activities
2.4
Relative Motion
2.4
Activities
2.4
References
2.5
Acceleration
2.5
Activities
2.5
References
2.6
Motion Diagrams
2.6
Activity: Drawing a Motion Diagram
2.7
Modeling Motion
2.7
Practice Activities
2.8
Motion Graphs
2.8
Activities
2.9
Representations of Motion
2.9
Practice Activities
2.9
References
2.10
Practice - Motion
Numerical Practice
References
2.11
Sensemaking: Covariational Reasoning
2.11
Activities: Practice Sensemaking
2.12
Challenge - Motion
Explanation Tasks
Calculation Activities
Metacognitive Reflection
References
3
The Laws of Motion
3.1
What are Forces?
3.1
Introductory Activity
3.1
Activities: Explore forces
3.2
Free-body Diagrams
3.2
Activities
3.3
The Law of Inertia (Newton’s First Law)
3.3
Activity: Explanation Practice
3.4
The Law of Motion (Newton’s Second Law)
3.4
Activities
3.5
Contact Forces
3.5
Activities: Practice with Contact Forces
3.6
Force Analysis
3.6
Practice Activities
3.7
Finding Force Components
3.7
Practice Activities
3.7
References
3.8
Solving Symbolic Equations
3.8
Practice Activities
3.9
Practice - Laws of Motion
Practice
Additional Practice
References
3.10
A*R*C*S
3.10
Exercises
3.11
Challenge - Laws of Motion
Explanation Tasks
A*R*C*S Activities
References
4
Force Models
4.1
The Gravitational Force
4.1
Activities
4.2
The Gravitational Field
4.2
Activities
4.3
Gravity Near the Surface of the Earth
4.3
Activities
4.4
Practice - Gravity
4.4
Practice Activities
4.5
The Force of Static Friction
4.5
Activities
4.6
The Force of Kinetic Friction
4.6
Activities
4.7
Applications of Friction
4.7
Practice Activities
4.8
Spring Forces
4.8
Exploring Spring Forces
4.8
Practice with Spring Forces
4.9
Force Analysis for a Single System
4.9
Activities: Practice with Force Analysis for a Single System
4.10
Practice - Forces
Practice
Additional Practice
References
4.11
Special-case Analysis
4.11
Activities
4.12
Challenge - Forces
Explanation Tasks
A*R*C*S Activities
5
Interacting Systems
5.1
Action-Reaction Pairs (Newton’s Third Law)
5.1
Activities
5.2
Changing Systems
5.2
Activity: Point of View
5.3
Tension Forces
5.3
Activities
5.4
Ideal Pulleys
5.4
Activities
5.4
References
5.5
Using Action-Reaction Pairs
5.5
Practice Activities
5.6
Practice - Systems
Practice
References
5.7
Force Analysis for Interacting Systems
5.8
Challenge - Systems
Explanation Task
A*R*C*S Activities
6
Integrals in Physics
6.1
Density
6.1
Activities
6.2
The Dot Product
6.2
Practice Activity
6.3
Work
6.3
Activities
6.4
Practice - Work
6.4
Practice Activities
6.5
Chop-Multiply-Add: Total Mass
Part I. Mass and Density
Part II. Chopping up Space
Part III. Multiplying and Adding
Part IV. Varying Density
6.6
Chop-Multiply-Add: Work for Non-Constant Forces
6.6
Activities
6.7
Chop-Multiply-Add: Non-Constant Acceleration
6.7
Activities
6.8
Challenge - Integration
Explanation Tasks
A*R*C*S Activities
7
Kinematics
7.1
Constant Acceleration - 1D
7.1
Activities
7.2
Constant Acceleration - 2D
7.2
Activities
7.3
Practice - Constant Acceleration
7.3
Practice Activities
7.4
Practice - Non-constant Acceleration
7.4
Practice Activities
7.4
References
7.5
Practice - Kinematics
Numerical Practice
References
7.6
Projectile Motion
7.7
Challenge - Kinematics
Explanation Tasks
A*R*C*S Activities
8
Energy
8.1
What is Energy?
8.1
Forms of Energy
8.1
Energy Transfer
8.1
Energy Activities
8.2
Energy System Diagrams
8.2
Activity: A Falling Apple
8.3
Power
8.3
Activities
8.4
The Work-Energy Theorem
8.4
Activities
8.5
Kinetic Energy
8.5
Kinetic Energy Activities
8.6
Potential Energy
8.6
Activities
8.7
Spring Potential Energy
8.7
Activities
8.8
Gravitational Potential Energy
8.8
Activities
8.9
Potential Energy Diagrams
8.9
Activity: Spring Potential Energy Diagram
8.10
Force and Potential Energy
8.10
Activity: Practice Diagram
8.11
Energy Bar Charts
8.11
Activities
8.12
Energy Analysis
8.12
Activities
8.13
Practice - Energy
A*R*C*S Practice
Explanation Practice
Numerical Practice
8.14
Conservation of Energy
8.15
Challenge - Energy
Explanation Tasks
A*R*C*S Activities
9
Momentum
9.1
What is Momentum?
9.1
Activities
9.2
The Impulse-Momentum Theorem
9.2
Activities
9.3
Momentum Vector Diagrams
9.3
Activities
9.4
Using Impulse
9.5
Collisions
9.5
Activities
9.6
Practice - Momentum
Numerical Practice
References
9.7
2D Momentum
9.8
Challenge - Momentum
Explanation Tasks
A*R*C*S Activities
10
Mechanics
10.1
Practice - Mechanics
Numerical Practice
References
10.2
Challenge - Mechanics
Explanation Task
A*R*C*S Activity
10.3
Challenge - Review
10.3
I. The Mystery of the Two Planets
10.3
II. Moving Blocks
10.3
III. Math Review
11
Rotational Motion
11.1
Applying Physics Models
11.1
Introductory Activities
11.2
The Cross Product
11.2
Practice Activities
11.3
Centripetal Acceleration
11.3
Model Application - Acceleration Direction
11.3
Model Application - Acceleration Magnitude
11.4
Tangential Acceleration
11.4
Centripetal and Tangential Acceleration
11.5
Angular Motion
11.5
Activities - Units
11.5
Activities - Circling Helicopter
11.6
Uniform Circular Motion
11.6
Activity - Turning Truck
11.7
Applications of Circular Motion
11.8
Nonuniform Circular Motion
11.8
Activity - The Go-kart
11.9
Application: Orbital Motion
11.9
Activities - Motion of the Earth
11.10
Application: Rolling without Slipping
11.10
Warm-up Activity
11.10
Activities
11.11
Practice - Rotational Motion
Explanation Practice
A*R*C*S Practice
Numerical Practice
References
11.12
Circular Motion Exercises
11.13
Challenge - Rotational Motion
12
Torque
12.1
The Rigid-body Model
12.1
Activities
12.2
Extended Free-body Diagrams
12.2
Warm-up Activities
12.2
Activities
12.3
Torque
12.3
Activities
12.4
The Rotational Law of Motion
12.4
The Catapult
12.5
Applications of Torque
12.6
Torque Analysis
12.6
Real-world Context - The Tree Branch
12.7
Practice - Torque
A*R*C*S Practice
Explanation Practice
Numerical Practice
References
12.8
Application: The Unicycle
12.9
Application: The Sliding Hoop
12.10
Challenge - Torque
13
Moment of Inertia
13.1
Center of Mass
13.1
Activities
13.2
Chop-Multiply-Add: Calculating Center of Mass
13.2
Warm-up Activity: The Meter Stick
13.3
Moment of Inertia
13.3
Warm-up Activities
13.3
Activities
13.3
References
13.4
Chop-Multiply-Add: Calculating Moment of Inertia
13.4
Activities
13.5
Moment of Inertia Exercises
13.6
The Parallel Axis Theorem
13.6
Activities
13.7
Practice - Moments of Inertia
Explanation Practice
A*R*C*S Practice
References
13.8
Application: Moment of Inertia for a Ring
13.9
Challenge - Moments of Inertia
14
Rotational Energy and Angular Momentum
14.1
Rotational Kinetic Energy
14.1
Warm-up Activity - Flywheel
14.1
Activities
14.1
References
14.2
Rotational Work
14.2
Activities
14.3
Angular Momentum
14.3
Activities
14.4
Angular Momentum Vector Diagrams
14.4
Activities - The Bicycle Wheel
14.5
Conservation Analysis
14.5
Activities
14.5
References
14.6
Application: Precession
14.6
Review Activity
14.6
Changing the Direction of the Angular Velocity
14.7
Practice - Rotational Energy and Angular Momentum
A*R*C*S Practice
Explanation Practice
Numerical Practice
References
14.8
Challenge - Rotational Energy and Angular Momentum
15
Oscillations
15.1
Simple Harmonic Motion
15.1
Introductory Activity
15.1
References
15.2
Graphical Trigonometry
15.2
Graphical Activities
15.2
Activities
15.2
References
15.3
Kinematics Relations
15.3
Activities
15.3
References
15.4
Block on a Spring
15.4
Introductory Activities
15.4
Activities
15.4
References
15.5
Simple Harmonic Motion Model
15.6
Relationship to Circular Motion
15.6
References
15.7
Energy Conservation in SHM
15.7
References
15.8
The Simple Pendulum
15.8
Warm-up Activity
15.8
Activities
15.8
References
15.9
Small-Angle Approximation
15.9
Activities
15.9
References
15.10
The Rigid-Body Pendulum
15.10
References
15.11
Models Including Dissipative Forces
15.11
Activities
15.11
References
15.12
Practice - Oscillations
Explanation Practice
A*R*C*S Practice
Numerical practice
References
15.13
Challenge - Oscillations
16
Waves
16.1
What Are Waves?
16.1
Introductory Activities
16.1
What Are Waves?
16.1
References
16.2
Representing Waves
16.2
History Graphs
16.2
Snapshot Graphs
16.2
Activities
16.2
References
16.3
Sinusoidal Waves
16.3
Activities
16.4
Waves on a String
16.4
Warm-up Activity: Modeling a String
16.4
Activities
16.4
References
16.5
Sound Waves
16.5
Activities
16.5
References
16.6
Wave Intensity
16.6
Warm-up Activity
16.6
Activities
16.6
References
16.7
Loudness
16.7
Activities
16.8
The Doppler Effect
16.8
Warm-up Activity
16.8
Activities
16.8
References
16.9
Practice - Waves
Explanation Practice
A*R*C*S Practice
Numerical Practice
References
16.10
Challenge - Waves
Explanation Tasks
A*R*C*S Activities
17
Superposition
17.1
Wave Superposition
17.1
Warm-up Activity
17.1
Activities
17.1
References
17.2
Boundaries and Discontinuities
17.2
Warm-up Activity
17.2
References
17.3
Interference
17.3
Activities
17.3
Check Your Answers
17.4
Path Length Difference
17.4
Activities
17.5
Standing Waves
17.5
Activities
17.5
References
17.6
Summary and Extension: 2D Interference
17.6
Activities
18
Physical Optics
18.1
Wave Model for Light
18.1
Wave Model Activities
18.1
References
18.2
Thin Film Interference
18.2
Activities
18.2
References
18.3
Two-Slit Interference
18.3
Two-Slit Interference Activities
18.4
Application: Multiple-Slit Interference
18.4
Multiple-Slit Interference
18.5
Diffraction Gratings
18.5
Diffraction Grating Activities
18.6
Single-Slit Diffraction
18.6
Single-Slit Diffraction Activities
18.7
Quantum Model for Light
18.7
Quantum Model Activities
18.7
References
18.8
Practice - Physical Optics
Explanation Practice
A*R*C*S Practice
Numerical Practice
References
18.9
Challenge - Physical Optics
Apply
19
Optics
19.1
Ray Model for Light
19.1
Ray Diagram Activities
19.2
The Law of Reflection
19.2
Reflection Activities
19.3
Plane Mirrors
19.3
Plane Mirror Activities
19.3
References
19.4
Refraction
19.4
Exploring Refraction
19.4
Refraction Activities
19.5
Lenses
19.5
Lenses Activities
19.6
Curved Mirrors
19.6
Curved Mirror Activities
19.7
Optics Summary
19.7
Activities: Summarize What You Learned
19.8
Practice - Ray Optics
Explanation Practice
A*R*C*S Practice
Numerical practice
References
19.9
Challenge - Ray Optics
Apply
20
Electric Fields
20.1
What Is Electricity?
20.1
Activities
20.2
Charge
20.2
Activities
20.3
Charging
20.3
Charging through friction
20.3
Activities
20.4
Charge Properties of Materials
20.4
Atomic Structure
20.4
Insulators and conductors
20.5
Electric Field
20.5
Activities
20.5
References
20.6
Electric Field Vector Maps
20.6
Activities
20.7
Electric Field Lines
20.7
Activities
20.8
Electric Field of a Single Point Charge
20.8
Activities
20.9
Coulomb’s Law
20.9
Parallels in Gravity
20.9
Activities
20.10
Practice - Electric Fields
A*R*C*S Practice
Numerical Practice
References
20.11
Challenge - Electric Fields
Metacognitive Reflection
21
Charge Distributions
21.1
Charge Density
21.1
Activities
21.2
Charge Diagrams
21.2
Activities
21.3
Approximation Techniques in Physics
21.3
The Binomial Approximation
21.3
Activities
21.3
References
21.4
Electric Field of Many Charges
21.4
Activities
21.5
Electric Dipole
21.5
Activities
21.6
Interlude: Integration
21.6
Warm-up Activities
21.6
Activities
21.7
Chop-Multiply-Add: Calculating Electric Fields
21.7
Activities
21.8
Practice - Charge Distributions
Explanation Practice
A*R*C*S Practice
Numerical Practice
References
21.9
Challenge - Charge Distributions
Metacognitive Reflection
22
Symmetry
22.1
Symmetries in Physics
22.1
Common Geometric Symmetries
22.1
Activities
22.2
Area Vectors
22.2
Warm-up Activities
22.2
Activities
22.3
Electric Flux
22.3
Activities
22.4
Gauss’s Law
22.4
Activities
22.5
Using Gauss’s Law
22.5
Gauss’s Law Practice - Infinitely Charged Sheet
22.6
Practice - Symmetry
22.6
References
22.7
Challenge - Symmetry
Metacognitive Reflection
23
Electric Energy and Potential
23.1
Review: Conservation of Energy
23.1
Activities: Review of Conservation of Energy
23.2
Electric Potential
23.2
Activities
23.3
Chop-Multiply-Add: Calculating Electric Potential
23.3
Warm-Up Activity
23.3
Activities
23.4
Practice - Electric Energy and Potential
Explanation Practice
A*R*C*S Practice
Numerical Practice
References
23.5
Challenge - Electric Energy and Potential
Metacognitive Reflection
24
Representing the Electric Potential
24.1
Equipotential Graphs
24.1
Activities
24.2
Finding
\(\Delta\)
V from E
24.2
Activities
24.3
Determining E from V
24.3
Warm-Up Activity
24.4
Conductors
24.4
Warm-Up Activity
24.4
Conductor Activities
24.4
References
24.5
Capacitors
24.5
Warm-Up Activity
24.6
Practice - Equipotential Surfaces
Explanation Practice
A*R*C*S Practice
Numerical Practice
References
24.7
Challenge - Equipotential Surfaces
Metacognitive Reflection
25
Circuits: Introduction
25.1
Circuits
25.1
Activities
25.2
Voltage
25.2
Activities
25.3
The Loop Rule
25.3
Activities
25.4
Voltage Diagrams
25.5
Electric Current
25.5
Warm-up Activity
25.5
Activities
25.6
The Junction Rule
25.6
Activities
25.7
Circuit Diagrams
25.8
Resistance
25.8
Activities
25.9
Ohm’s Law
25.9
Activities
25.10
Resistors in Circuits: Series and Parallel
25.10
Activities
25.11
Power in Circuits
25.11
Activities
25.12
Practice - Circuits: Intro
Explanation Practice
A*R*C*S Practice
Numerical Practice
References
25.13
Challenge - Circuits: Intro
Metacognitive Reflection
26
Circuits: Capacitors
26.1
Capacitors in Circuits: Series and Parallel
26.1
Activities
26.2
RC Charging Circuits
26.2
Activities
26.3
Electric Circuits Summary
26.3
Activities: Summarize What You Learned
26.4
Practice - Circuits: Capacitors
Explanation Practice
A*R*C*S Practice
Numerical Practice
26.5
Challenge - Circuits: Capacitors
Metacognitive Reflection
27
Magnetism
27.1
What Is Magnetism?
27.1
Warm-up Activities
27.1
Activities
27.1
References
27.2
Magnetic Fields
27.2
Activities
27.2
References
27.3
The Biot-Savart Law
27.3
Activities
27.3
References
27.4
Chop-Multiply-Add: Calculating Magnetic Fields
27.4
Activities
27.5
Magnetic Force
27.5
Activities
27.6
The Lorentz Force
27.6
Activities
27.7
Magnetic Dipoles
27.7
Warm-up Activity
27.7
Activities
27.7
References
27.8
Practice - Magnetism
Explanation Practice
A*R*C*S Practice
Numerical Practice
References
27.9
Challenge - Magnetism
Metacognitive Reflection
28
Magnetic Field from Current
28.1
Ampere’s Law
28.1
Activities
28.2
Magnetic Flux
28.3
Induced Current
28.3
Activities
28.4
Practice - Magnetic Field from Current
Numerical Practice
References
28.5
Challenge - Magnetic Field from Current
Metacognitive Reflection
29
Faraday’s Law
29.1
Faraday’s Law
29.1
Activities
29.2
Inductors
29.3
LC Circuits
29.3
Activities
29.4
LR Circuits
29.4
Activities
29.5
Magnetism Summary
29.5
Activities: Summarize What You Learned
29.6
Practice - Faraday’s Law
A*R*C*S Practice
Numerical Practice
References
29.7
Challenge - Faraday’s Law
Metacognitive Reflection
Backmatter
Colophon
Colophon
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